Analysis of the key technical points of photovoltaic support system
2025-06-17
As the key supporting structure for photovoltaic power generation, the design of photovoltaic bracket system needs to comprehensively consider environmental adaptability, power generation efficiency and cost control. Through scientific tilt design and reliable fixing method, the bracket ensures that the photovoltaic modules are always in the best power generation position, while resisting environmental loads such as wind, snow and earthquake. At present, the mainstream bracket types include fixed, adjustable, single-axis and dual-axis tracking systems. Among them, fixed brackets dominate the market with simple structure and low cost (accounting for 15-20% of system cost), while the dual-axis tracking system has a higher cost (2.5 times that of fixed brackets), but the power generation gain can reach 28-35%, which is suitable for scenarios with high-efficiency power generation needs.
The bracket tilt design directly affects the power generation, and usually follows the principle of latitude adaptation: a larger tilt angle (latitude + 5°) is used in high-latitude areas (>35°), and a lower tilt angle (latitude - 5°) is appropriately reduced in low-latitude areas (<20°). The design process requires the use of professional software such as PVSYST and SAM to simulate meteorological data and analyze shadows to ensure that the components are not blocked during the winter solstice period from 9:00 to 15:00. The spacing must be reasonably controlled when arranging the array. The calculation formula is D=H×cot (θs)×cos (γ), and the flood and snow prevention requirements of a clearance of ≥0.5m must be met.
In terms of material selection, Q345B hot-dip galvanized steel (coating ≥85μm) and 6061-T6 aluminum alloy (yield strength ≥275MPa) are the mainstream and need to be selected according to environmental corrosion. The foundation form needs to be determined in combination with geological conditions. For example, a concrete foundation (bearing capacity 200-300kPa) is used for soft soil foundations, and an anchor foundation (300-500kPa) is suitable for rock foundations. The lightning protection design must meet the combined grounding resistance ≤4Ω, and safety is ensured by a separate lightning rod and equipotential connection system.
It is worth noting that intelligent operation and maintenance systems are becoming a trend. The configuration of inclination sensors (accuracy ±0.1°) and cleaning systems (12-15 times per year) can significantly improve power generation efficiency. The overall design must comply with the "Design Specifications for Photovoltaic Power Stations" GB 50797-2012 to ensure stable operation throughout the 25-year life cycle.
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Jiangsu Hongdi New Energy Technology Co., Ltd.